Refinance FAQs

The answer depends upon the experience level of a borrower as well as how complicated his or her mortgage transaction may be (i.e. an applicant with blemished credit or one who cannot document their income). An experienced borrower with solid credit who is looking to refinance is probably able to fly solo whereas a first time buyer or someone who is looking to close a transaction very quickly, may require the assistance and advice of an active mortgage agent/officer.

First determine your financial mortgage related goals: i.e. are you looking to improve your monthly cash flow, reduce your mortgage term, do you need to take out cash utilizing the equity from your home? Obtaining the right mortgage for your particular needs could make sense even when rates are not at their lowest levels. First identify your goal and contact a mortgage professional for suggestions on mortgage programs that would best help you meet your objectives. Then shop for rates after you have selected the appropriate mortgage program.

This rule is somewhat obsolete due to the variety of closing cost options that exist today. With the proliferation of no cost and zero point mortgages, a potential refinancier can recoup the costs of refinancing very rapidly if not immediately. The 2% rule may be a helpful tool when paying both points and closing costs in order to refinance.

Conforming non-owner occupied rates are typically 3/8% higher than owner occupied interest rates. The equity requirement is usually higher for non-owner occupied mortgages as well, typically 20-30%+.

The answer depends upon the quality of your credit and the amount of equity you have in your property. On a typical fully documented mortgage application (where an applicant is seeking to qualify based on an employee's salary), the lender will require: one month's current pay stubs, W-2's for the prior two years and bank and investment account statements for the prior 2-3 months. If an applicant is self-employed (has a 25% or greater ownership in a business) then additional documentation could be required (i.e. 1040's, 1165's, 1120's, P & L statement).

Yes there are many. They come in a variety of programs; some have self-employment, credit, equity or asset requirements so it may be advisable to have a mortgage consultant direct you to the appropriate product for your needs. There are also mortgages available to individuals who cannot verify either their income or assets (referred to as NINA mortgages). Keep in mind that these products can carry higher interest rates than that of a mortgage that is fully documented. A good rule to remember, the more documentation a borrower can provide for a lender, the lower the rate they will typically get.

Many borrowers who have less than 20% equity in their homes, choose a combination first and second mortgage (referred to as a piggyback mortgage) to avoid mortgage insurance (MI). The most common method of financing without MI is an 80-10-10 (an 80% 1st mortgage, 10% 2nd mortgage with 10% equity). Also available is an 80-15-5 (requiring an 80% 1st mortgage, 15% 2nd mortgage with 5% equity).

Before closing your new mortgage, your new lender must be certain that the title to the property will be free and clear, free of prior defects and indebtedness. A new policy is needed to protect the new lender and subsequent investor of your new mortgage. Both a homeowner and prospective lender need to be certain that what is available on the property is what is referred to as a "marketable title". A title company researches the legal history of the property that entails searching public records in the offices of the county recorder. Problems with the title could threaten the mortgage, limit ones use and enjoyment of the property and could result in financial loss. A policy of title insurance protects a homeowner's title and the insurer covers the cost of any legal challenges.

The answer depends on one's outlook for interest rates, whether you are satisfied with the current rate being offered (and would not be deterred from proceeding if rates declined), when you need to close and whether or not a rate increase could effect your ability to qualify for the mortgage. With a purchase, there is a contractual obligation to close on a specified date. With a refinance transaction, there is no such obligation to close and therefore a refinance applicant could postpone closing for a more favorable rate. Some lenders take the guesswork out of the process by allowing borrowers to lock and then float the rate down one time during the mortgage process. Typically a borrower is required to bring in a fee of ½-1% of the mortgage amount which is then credited (or refunded) to them at closing. It is a lock fee the lender requires to insure the transaction will in fact close.

For a traditional 30-45 day rate lock, the lender will not require the borrower to pay a lock fee, but for the privilege of locking for a period beyond 45 days they may. Some lenders allow borrowers to lock and then float the rate down one time during the mortgage process, typically a borrower is required to bring in a fee of ½-1% of the mortgage amount which is then credited (or refunded) to them at closing. It is a lock fee the lender requires to insure the transaction will in fact close.

When points are paid on a mortgage, the result is to buy down the interest rate, typically 1 point (or 1%) will buy the rate down .25%. The key to analyzing whether paying points makes financial sense is to determine: 1) How long do you anticipate remaining in the property? 2) When would the breakeven point occur? For example if you pay two points to buy your rate down from 8.00% to 7.50% on a $300,000 mortgage, the payment at 8.00% would be $2,201 and at 7.50%, the payment would be $2,098, with the difference in payment amounting to $103/month. With two points costing $6000, divided by the savings of $103/month equaling 58.25 months or 4.85 years to break even. You would want to hold the mortgage and remain in the property approximately 5 years for this to make sense. Other factors to consider are the tax implications of paying points (see our link to the IRS website) as well as the time value of money (could you put these funds to better use).

With a zero point mortgage, a borrower has opted not to pay points to buy their interest rate down but will still be paying

for their base closing costs (i.e. appraisal, credit report, lender doc fees, title and escrow, etc.). With a no cost mortgage, a borrower has accepted a higher interest rate, (typically .25%- 375% higher than on a zero point mortgage) with the trade off that the lender or broker will pay for all their non-recurring closing costs (all base closing fees except for interest, taxes and insurance due).

Yes. In fact no cost mortgages are extremely popular among refinanciers. Because a borrower pays no non-recurring closing costs, it is easy to analyze how soon money is saved on a monthly mortgage payment by refinancing. Many homeowners will consider refinancing for as little as .25% improvement to their mortgage rate with no-cost mortgage financing.

APR stands for annual percentage rate and its purpose is to give borrowers a truer representation of the effective interest rate on their mortgage. APR factors in certain closing costs and fees and spreads these costs over the life of the mortgage, along with the note rate, to arrive at a more accurate annualized percentage rate than the note rate alone represents.

Yes. The property is the collateral for the mortgage, therefore an appraisal is almost always required and if a borrower pays for the appraisal he or she is definitely entitled to receive a copy of it.

A prepayment penalty on a mortgage allows the lender to charge a borrower additional interest, typically six months worth, when a mortgage is repaid during the penalty period, which is usually somewhere in the first three to five years of the mortgage. If a mortgage does have a prepayment penalty, this is clearly stated within the mortgage disclosures, mortgage note or prepayment penalty rider to the note. The advantage of taking a mortgage with a prepayment penalty is that it could carry a lower rate of interest or you may be permitted to take a mortgage without paying for non-recurring closing costs.